1/19/2024 0 Comments Magnetic dipole momentThus the Schrödinger equation may be seen as the far non-relativistic approximation of the Dirac equation when one may neglect spin and work only at low energies and velocities. ![]() A further approximation gives the Schrödinger equation as the limit of the Pauli theory. The operator on the left represents the particle energy reduced by its rest energy, which is just the classical energy, so we recover Pauli's theory if we identify his 2-spinor with the top components of the Dirac spinor in the non-relativistic approximation. ⟨ p f | j μ | p i ⟩ = u ¯ ( p f ) u ( p i ) If the electron is visualized as a classical rigid body in which the mass and charge have identical distribution and motion that is rotating about an axis with angular momentum L, its magnetic dipole moment μ is given by: One consequence is that an external magnetic field exerts a torque on the electron magnetic moment that depends on the orientation of this dipole with respect to the field. From classical electrodynamics, a rotating distribution of electric charge produces a magnetic dipole, so that it behaves like a tiny bar magnet. Its angular momentum comes from two types of rotation: spin and orbital motion. The electron is a charged particle with charge − e, where e is the unit of elementary charge. ![]() In units of the Bohr magneton ( μ B), it is −1.001 159 652 180 59(13) μ B, a value that was measured with a relative accuracy of 1.3 ×10 −13. The value of the electron magnetic moment (symbol μ e) is −9.2(28) ×10 −24 J⋅T −1. In atomic physics, the electron magnetic moment, or more specifically the electron magnetic dipole moment, is the magnetic moment of an electron resulting from its intrinsic properties of spin and electric charge. ![]() See also Electron spin resonance and Spin (physics).
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